skip to main content
research-article
Public Access

"A Reasonable Life": Rhythmic Attunement and Sustainable Work at the Intersection of Farming and Knowledge Work

Authors Info & Claims
Published:11 November 2022Publication History
Skip Abstract Section

Abstract

Past CSCW work has examined the role of temporal rhythms in cooperative work and has identified alignment work--the work required to bring dissonant rhythms into alignment--as an important aspect of large-scale collaboration. We ask instead how individual workers interact with temporal rhythms to sustain the conditions that make their work possible--not aligning rhythms, but attuning them. This paper draws on interviews with farmer-knowledge workers, people who engage with both farm work (the work of growing food or raising animals for food, on a commercial or non-commercial basis) and computer-based knowledge work. We identify three ways that farmer-knowledge workers interact with natural and structural rhythms to construct sustainable work-lives: anchoring (tying oneself to a particular rhythm to create accountability and structure), decoupling (loosening or cutting ties with a rhythm to create flexibility), and gap-filling (interweaving complementary rhythms to create balance). Together, these practices constitute attunement work.

References

  1. David Allen. 2001. Getting Things Done: The Art of Stress-Free Productivity. Viking, New York. BF637.T5 A45 2001Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  2. Morgan G. Ames, Janet Go, Joseph `Jofish' Kaye, and Mirjana Spasojevic. 2011. Understanding Technology Choices and Values Through Social Class. In Proceedings of the ACM 2011 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW '11). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 55--64. https://doi.org/10.1145/1958824.1958834Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  3. Sareeta Amrute. 2019. Of Techno-Ethics and Techno-Affects. Feminist Review, Vol. 123, 1 (Nov. 2019), 56--73. https://doi.org/10.1177/0141778919879744Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  4. Blake E. Ashforth, Glen E. Kreiner, and Mel Fugate. 2000. All in a Day 's Work : Boundaries and Micro Role Transitions. The Academy of Management Review , Vol. 25, 3 (July 2000), 472--491.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  5. James “Bo” Begole, John C. Tang, and Rosco Hill. 2003. Rhythm Modeling, Visualizations and Applications. In Proceedings of the 16th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology. ACM, Vancouver, Canada, 11--20.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  6. James “Bo” Begole, John C. Tang, Randall B. Smith, and Nicole Yankelovich. 2002. Work Rhythms: Analyzing Visualizations of Awareness Histories of Distributed Groups. In Proceedings of the 2002 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW '02). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 334--343. https://doi.org/10.1145/587078.587125Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  7. Susanne Bødker. 2016. Rethinking Technology on the Boundaries of Life and Work. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing , Vol. 20, 4 (Aug. 2016), 533--544. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00779-016-0933--9Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  8. Susanne Bødker, Henrik Korsgaard, and Joanna Saad-Sulonen. 2016. `A Farmer, a Place and at Least 20 Members ': The Development of Artifact Ecologies in Volunteer-based Communities. In Proceedings of the 19th ACM Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing (CSCW '16). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 1142--1156. https://doi.org/10.1145/2818048.2820029Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  9. Alan Borning and Michael Muller. 2012. Next Steps for Value Sensitive Design. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '12). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 1125--1134. https://doi.org/10.1145/2207676.2208560Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  10. Joeri Bruyninckx. 2017. Synchronicity: Time, Technicians, Instruments, and Invisible Repair. Science, Technology, & Human Values , Vol. 42, 5 (Sept. 2017), 822--847. https://doi.org/10.1177/0162243916689137Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  11. Timothy Choy. 2018. TENDING TO SUSPENSION : Abstraction and Apparatuses of Atmospheric Attunement in Matsutake Worlds. Social Analysis, Vol. 62, 4 (2018), 54--77. https://doi.org/10.3167/sa.2018.620404Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  12. Lars Rune Christensen, Hasib Ahsan, and Eshrat Akand. 2018. Krishi Kontho : An Agricultural Information Service in Bangladesh. In Proceedings of the 10th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (NordiCHI '18). Association for Computing Machinery, Oslo, Norway, 203--214. https://doi.org/10.1145/3240167.3240225Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  13. Sue Campbell Clark. 2000. Work/Family Border Theory : A New Theory of Work /Family Balance. Human Relations, Vol. 53, 6 (June 2000), 747--770. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726700536001Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  14. Juliet M. Corbin and Anselm L. Strauss. 1988. Unending Work and Care: Managing Chronic Illness at Home 1st ed ed.). Jossey-Bass Publishers, San Francisco. RC109. C67 1988Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  15. Janet Davis and Lisa P. Nathan. 2015. Value Sensitive Design : Applications, Adaptations, and Critiques. In Handbook of Ethics, Values, and Technological Design : Sources, Theory, Values and Application Domains, Jeroen van den Hoven, Pieter E. Vermaas, and Ibo van de Poel (Eds.). Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 11--40. https://doi.org/10.1007/978--94-007--6970-0_3Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  16. Aparecido Fabiano Pinatti De Carvalho, Luigina Ciolfi, and Breda Gray. 2017. Detailing a Spectrum of Motivational Forces Shaping Nomadic Practices. In Proceedings of the 2017 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing. 962--977.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  17. Batya Friedman. 1996. Value-Sensitive Design. Interactions, Vol. 3, 6 (Dec. 1996), 16--23. https://doi.org/10.1145/242485.242493Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  18. Melissa Gregg. 2018. Counterproductive: Time Management in the Knowledge Economy. Duke University Press, Durham, [North Carolina] ; London. HD69.T54 G74 2018Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  19. Erik Grönvall, Luigina Ciolfi, Gabriela Avram, Chiara Rossitto, and Louise Barkhuus. 2016. HCI at the Boundary of Work and Life. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing , Vol. 20, 4 (Aug. 2016), 481--485. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00779-016-0937--5Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  20. David E. Guest. 2002. Perspectives on the Study of Work-life Balance. Social Science Information , Vol. 41, 2 (June 2002), 255--279. https://doi.org/10.1177/0539018402041002005Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  21. Tad Hirsch, Phoebe Sengers, Eli Blevis, Richard Beckwith, and Tapan Parikh. 2010. Making Food, Producing Sustainability. In CHI '10 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA '10). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 3147--3150. https://doi.org/10.1145/1753846.1753939Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  22. Lara Houston, Steven J. Jackson, Daniela K. Rosner, Syed Ishtiaque Ahmed, Meg Young, and Laewoo Kang. 2016. Values in Repair. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '16). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 1403--1414. https://doi.org/10.1145/2858036.2858470Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  23. Heide Inhetveen. 1994. Farming Women, Time and the `Re-agrarianization ' of Consciousness. Time & Society, Vol. 3, 3 (Oct. 1994), 259--276. https://doi.org/10.1177/0961463X94003003001Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  24. Steven Jackson, David Ribes, Ayse Buyuktur, and Geoffrey Bowker. 2011. Collaborative Rhythm : Temporal Dissonance and Alignment in Collaborative Scientific Work. In Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work, CSCW. 245--254. https://doi.org/10.1145/1958824.1958861Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  25. Nassim JafariNaimi, Lisa Nathan, and Ian Hargraves. 2015. Values as Hypotheses : Design, Inquiry, and the Service of Values. Design Issues, Vol. 31, 4 (Oct. 2015), 91--104. https://doi.org/10.1162/DESI_a_00354Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  26. Benjamin Koehne, Patrick C. Shih, and Judith S. Olson. 2012. Remote and Alone: Coping with Being the Remote Member on the Team. In Proceedings of the ACM 2012 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW '12). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 1257--1266. https://doi.org/10.1145/2145204.2145393Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  27. Christopher A. Le Dantec, Erika Shehan Poole, and Susan P. Wyche. 2009. Values as Lived Experience: Evolving Value Sensitive Design in Support of Value Discovery. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '09). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 1141--1150. https://doi.org/10.1145/1518701.1518875Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  28. Gilly Leshed, Maria Håkansson, and Joseph `Jofish' Kaye. 2014. “Our Life Is the Farm and Farming Is Our Life”: Home-Work Coordination in Organic Farm Families. In Proceedings of the 17th ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing - CSCW '14. ACM Press, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, 487--498. https://doi.org/10.1145/2531602.2531708Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  29. Gilly Leshed, Masha Rosca, Michael Huang, Liza Mansbach, Yicheng Zhu, and Juan Nicolás Hernández-Aguilera. 2018. CalcuCafé : Designing for Collaboration Among Coffee Farmers to Calculate Costs of Production. Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact. , Vol. 2, CSCW (Nov. 2018), 149:1--149:26. https://doi.org/10.1145/3274418Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  30. Gilly Leshed and Phoebe Sengers. 2011. “I Lie to Myself That I Have Freedom in My Own Schedule ”: Productivity Tools and Experiences of Busyness. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 905--914. https://doi.org/10.1145/1978942.1979077Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  31. Ann Light and Daniela Petrelli. 2014. The Rhythm of Christmas : Temporality, ICT Use and Design for the Idiosyncrasies of a Major Festival. In Proceedings of the 26th Australian Computer-Human Interaction Conference on Designing Futures : The Future of Design (OzCHI '14). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 159--167. https://doi.org/10.1145/2686612.2686636Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  32. Hajin Lim, Ian Arawjo, Yaxian Xie, Negar Khojasteh, and Susan R. Fussell. 2017. Distraction or Life Saver ? The Role of Technology in Undergraduate Students ' Boundary Management Strategies. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, Vol. 1, CSCW (Dec. 2017), 68:1--68:18. https://doi.org/10.1145/3134703Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  33. Szu-Yu (Cyn) Liu, Shaowen Bardzell, and Jeffrey Bardzell. 2018. Out of Control : Reframing Sustainable HCI Using Permaculture. In Proceedings of the 2018 Workshop on Computing Within Limits (LIMITS '18). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 2:1--2:8. https://doi.org/10.1145/3232617.3232625Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  34. Peter Lyle, Jaz Hee-jeong Choi, and Marcus Foth. 2015. Growing Food in the City : Design Ideations for Urban Residential Gardeners. In Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Communities and Technologies (C&T '15). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 89--97. https://doi.org/10.1145/2768545.2768549Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  35. Gloria Mark, Shamsi T. Iqbal, Mary Czerwinski, and Paul Johns. 2014. Bored Mondays and Focused Afternoons: The Rhythm of Attention and Online Activity in the Workplace. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '14). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 3025--3034. https://doi.org/10.1145/2556288.2557204Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  36. Gloria Mark, Stephen Voida, and Armand Cardello. 2012. “A Pace Not Dictated by Electrons”: An Empirical Study of Work without Email. (2012), 10.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  37. Melissa Mazmanian, Ingrid Erickson, and Ellie Harmon. 2015. Circumscribed Time and Porous Time : Logics as a Way of Studying Temporality. In Proceedings of the 18th ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing (CSCW '15). Association for Computing Machinery, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 1453--1464. https://doi.org/10.1145/2675133.2675231Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  38. Melissa Mazmanian, Wanda J. Orlikowski, and JoAnne Yates. 2013. The Autonomy Paradox : The Implications of Mobile Email Devices for Knowledge Professionals. Organization Science, Vol. 24, 5 (Oct. 2013), 1337--1357. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1120.0806Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  39. Lisa P. Nathan. 2008. Ecovillages, Values, and Interactive Technology : Balancing Sustainability with Daily Life in 21st Century America. In CHI '08 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA '08). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 3723--3728. https://doi.org/10.1145/1358628.1358920Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  40. Magnus Nilsson and Morten Hertzum. 2005. Negotiated Rhythms of Mobile Work: Time, Place, and Work Schedules. In Proceedings of the 2005 International ACM SIGGROUP Conference on Supporting Group Work (GROUP '05). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 148--157. https://doi.org/10.1145/1099203.1099233Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  41. Christena E. Nippert-Eng. 1996. Home and Work: Negotiating Boundaries through Everyday Life. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL. HM131. N498 1996Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  42. Juliet Norton, Birgit Penzenstadler, and Bill Tomlinson. 2019. Implications of Grassroots Sustainable Agriculture Community Values on the Design of Information Systems. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, Vol. 3, CSCW (Nov. 2019), 34:1--34:22. https://doi.org/10.1145/3359136Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  43. William Odom. 2010. “Mate, We Don 't Need a Chip to Tell Us the Soil 's Dry ”: Opportunities for Designing Interactive Systems to Support Urban Food Production. In Proceedings of the 8th ACM Conference on Designing Interactive Systems (DIS '10). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 232--235. https://doi.org/10.1145/1858171.1858211Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  44. William Odom, Richard Banks, Abigail Durrant, David Kirk, and James Pierce. 2012. Slow Technology: Critical Reflection and Future Directions. In Proceedings of the Designing Interactive Systems Conference (DIS '12). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 816--817. https://doi.org/10.1145/2317956.2318088Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  45. Michael Quinn Patton. 2002. Qualitative Research & Evaluation Methods. SAGE.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  46. Leslie A Perlow (Ed.). 1997. Finding Time: How Corporations, Individuals, and Families Can Benefit from New Work Practices. ILR Press, Ithaca, NY.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  47. Katie Pine. 2012. Fragmentation and Choreography: Caring for a Patient and a Chart during Childbirth. In Proceedings of the ACM 2012 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW '12). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 887--896. https://doi.org/10.1145/2145204.2145336Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  48. Maria Puig de la Bellacasa. 2015. Making Time for Soil: Technoscientific Futurity and the Pace of Care. Social Studies of Science , Vol. 45, 5 (Oct. 2015), 691--716. https://doi.org/10.1177/0306312715599851Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  49. Madhu Reddy and Paul Dourish. 2002. A Finger on the Pulse: Temporal Rhythms and Information Seeking in Medical Work. In Proceedings of the 2002 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW '02). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 344--353. https://doi.org/10.1145/587078.587126Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  50. Madhu Reddy, Paul Dourish, and Wanda Pratt. 2006. Temporality in Medical Work : Time Also Matters. Computer Supported Cooperative Work: The Journal of Collaborative Computing, Vol. 15, 1 (Feb. 2006), 29--53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10606-005--9010-zGoogle ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  51. Doris Ruth Eikhof. 2007. Introduction: What Work? What Life? What Balance? Employee Relations, Vol. 29, 4 (Jan. 2007). https://doi.org/10.1108/er.2007.01929daa.001Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  52. Christine Salazar. 2001. Building Boundaries and Negotiating Work at Home. In Proceedings of the 2001 International ACM SIGGROUP Conference on Supporting Group Work (GROUP '01). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 162--170. https://doi.org/10.1145/500286.500311Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  53. Sarah Sharma. 2014. In the Meantime: Temporality and Cultural Politics. Duke University Press, Durham. HM656. S53 2014Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  54. Katie Shilton. 2018. Values and Ethics in Human-Computer Interaction. Foundations and Trends® in Humantextendash Computer Interaction, Vol. 12, 2 (July 2018), 107--171. https://doi.org/10.1561/1100000073Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  55. Stephanie B. Steinhardt and Steven J. Jackson. 2014. Reconciling Rhythms: Plans and Temporal Alignment in Collaborative Scientific Work. In Proceedings of the 17th ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing - CSCW '14. ACM Press, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, 134--145. https://doi.org/10.1145/2531602.2531736Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  56. Rosemary Steup, Lynn Dombrowski, and Norman Makoto Su. 2019. Feeding the World with Data : Visions of Data-Driven Farming. In Proceedings of the 2019 on Designing Interactive Systems Conference (DIS '19). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 1503--1515. https://doi.org/10.1145/3322276.3322382Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  57. Rosemary Steup, Arvind Santhanam, Marisa Logan, Lynn Dombrowski, and Norman Makoto Su. 2018. Growing Tiny Publics : Small Farmers ' Social Movement Strategies. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, Vol. 2, CSCW (Nov. 2018), 165:1--165:24. https://doi.org/10.1145/3274434Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  58. Kathleen Stewart. 2011. Atmospheric Attunements. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, Vol. 29, 3 (June 2011), 445--453. https://doi.org/10.1068/d9109Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  59. Norman Makoto Su, Gloria Mark, and Sutton Stewart. 2007. Workplace Connectors as Facilitators for Work. In Proc. of Communities and Technologies 2007. Springer, East Lansing, MI, USA, 131--150.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  60. E. P. Thompson. 1967. Time, Work-Discipline, and Industrial Capitalism. Past & Present 38 (1967), 56--97.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  61. Phillip Vannini. 2012. Ferry Tales : Mobility, Place, and Time on Canada 's West Coast. Routledge.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  62. Amy Voida, Lynn Dombrowski, Gillian R. Hayes, and Melissa Mazmanian. 2014. Shared Values/Conflicting Logics: Working around e-Government Systems. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '14). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 3583--3592. https://doi.org/10.1145/2556288.2556971Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  63. Judy Wajcman. 2015. Pressed for Time: The Acceleration of Life in Digital Capitalism. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago. HM656. W35 2015Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  64. Judy Wajcman. 2018. How Silicon Valley Sets Time. New Media & Society (Dec. 2018). https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444818820073Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  65. Eviatar Zerubavel. 1981. Hidden Rhythms: Schedules and Calendars in Social Life. University of Chicago Press, Chicago. HM73. Z43Google ScholarGoogle Scholar

Index Terms

  1. "A Reasonable Life": Rhythmic Attunement and Sustainable Work at the Intersection of Farming and Knowledge Work

          Recommendations

          Comments

          Login options

          Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

          Sign in

          Full Access

          • Published in

            cover image Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction
            Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction  Volume 6, Issue CSCW2
            CSCW
            November 2022
            8205 pages
            EISSN:2573-0142
            DOI:10.1145/3571154
            Issue’s Table of Contents

            Copyright © 2022 ACM

            Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

            Publisher

            Association for Computing Machinery

            New York, NY, United States

            Publication History

            • Published: 11 November 2022
            Published in pacmhci Volume 6, Issue CSCW2

            Permissions

            Request permissions about this article.

            Request Permissions

            Check for updates

            Qualifiers

            • research-article

          PDF Format

          View or Download as a PDF file.

          PDF

          eReader

          View online with eReader.

          eReader