ABSTRACT
This paper describes an integrated hybrid simulation environment in which physical electronic devices interact in real-time with a discrete-event simulator and a 3D visualisation engine, where the communication between the real devices and the virtual world is mediated by CoAP. The resulting simulation framework is a powerful tool for designers of Internet of Things (IoT) applications to assess design decisions ahead of deployment, based on realistic data from sensors and typical movement of people within built spaces. A motivating example is used to illustrate the capabilities of hybrid simulations based on a multi-residence housing facility intended for elderly people, each wearing an on-body speck with one or more sensors, to monitor their condition such as breathing, heart-rate, and activity, and which transmits this information via a mesh network of base-stations to a central hub. The results demonstrate that design decisions can be made on the choice of routing protocols based on real-time transmission of data from people, which captures their typical movement in a built environment and based on actual data transmitted by on-body devices.
- Z. Shelby, K. Hartke, and B. Frank, "Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) draft-ietf-core-coap-08", Dec. 6, 2012.Google Scholar
- T. Winter, P. Thubert, and the ROLL Team, "RPL: IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low power and Lossy Networks draft-ietf-roll-rpl-19", March 13, 2011.Google Scholar
- http://people.inf.ethz.ch/mkovatsc/copper.php, {Feb 2013}.Google Scholar
- http://unity3d.com/unity/, {Feb 2013}.Google Scholar
- D. Pauli and D. I. Obersteg, "Californium", Lab Project at the Institute for Pervasive Computing, Department of Computer Science, ETH Zurich, December 2011.Google Scholar
- I.E. Radoi, "Evaluation of Routing Protocols in WSN", MSc Dissertation, School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, 2011.Google Scholar
- D.B. Johnson, D.A. Maltz, and J. Broch. "DSR: The Dynamic Source Routing Protocol for Multi-Hop Wireless Ad Hoc Networks", Ad Hoc Networking, chapter 5: pp. 139 - 172. Addison-Wesley, 2001. Google ScholarDigital Library
- C. Perkins, E. Belding-Royer, and S. Das, "Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing", rfc 3561, July 2003. Google ScholarDigital Library
- B.C. Villaverde, and D. PESCH, "Constrained Application Protocol for Low Power Embedded Networks: A Survey", in Innovative Mobile and Internet Services in Ubiquitous Computing (IMIS), 2012 Sixth International Conference, Palermo, Italy, ISBN: 978-1-4673-1328-5. Google ScholarDigital Library
- A. P. Castellani, et al. "Architecture and Protocols for the Internet of Things: A Case Study", in Proceedings of First International Workshop on the Web of Things (WoT), 2010.Google Scholar
- K. Kuladinithi, O. Bergmann, T. Ptsch, M. Becker, and C. Gorg, "Implementation of CoAP and its Application", in Transport Logistics. In Proc. IP+SN, Chicago, IL, USA, 2011.Google Scholar
- M. Kovatsch, M. Weiss, and D. Guinard, "Embedding internet technology for home automation", in Proc. of ETFA 2010 (IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation), 2010.Google ScholarCross Ref
- I. E. Radoi, A. Shenoy and D. K. Arvind, "Evaluation of Routing Protocols for Internet-Enabled Wireless Sensor Networks", The Eighth International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Communications -- ICWMC, June 24-29, 2012 - Venice, Italy.Google Scholar
- M. Kovatsch, S. Duquennoy, and A. Dunkels, "A low-power coap for Contiki", in Mobile Adhoc and Sensor Systems (MASS), 2011 IEEE 8th International Conference on, oct. 2011, pp. 855--860. Google ScholarDigital Library
- R. Fonseca, O. Gnawali, K. Jamieson, S. Kim, P. Levis, and A. Woo, The Collection Tree Protocol (CTP), TEP 123, TinyOS Network Working Group, 2006.Google Scholar
- http://code.google.com/p/jcoap/, {Feb 2013}.Google Scholar
- L. Rothrock and S. Narayanan (eds.), Human-in-the-Loop Simulations, DOI: 10.1007/978-0-85729-883-6_2, Springer-Verlag, 2011. Google ScholarCross Ref
- V. E. Saouma and M. E. Sivaselvan (eds.), Hybrid Simulation -- Theory, Implementations and Applications, Taylor and Francis, 2008. Google ScholarDigital Library
- A. Boulis, C. Han, and M. B. Srivastava, "Design and implementation of a framework for efficient and programmable sensor networks", in International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications and Services (MobiSys), pages 187--200. ACM Press, 2003. Google ScholarDigital Library
- R.T. Fielding, "Architectural Styles and the Design of Network-based Software Architectures", PhD Dissertation, Chapter 5, Dept. of Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA, 2000. Google ScholarDigital Library
- L. Atzori, A. Lera, and G. Morabito, "The Internet of Things: A Survey", Computer Networks vol. 54, no. 15, pages 2787--2805, Oct 2010. Google ScholarDigital Library
- F. Osterlind, A. Dunkels, J. Eriksson, N. Finne, and T. Voigt, "Cross-Level Sensor Network Simulation with COOJA", in Proceedings of the First IEEE International Workshop on Practical Issues in Building Sensor Network Applications (SenseApp 2006), Tampa, Florida, USA, Nov. 2006.Google ScholarCross Ref
- The network simulator - ns-2, http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/, {March 2013}.Google Scholar
- P. Levis, N. Lee, M. Welsh, and D. Culler, "TOSSIM: accurate and scalable simulation of entire tinyos applications", in Proceedings of the first international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems, pages 126--137, 2003. Google ScholarDigital Library
- M. Karir, "Atemu - sensor network emulator / simulator / debugger", Technical report, Centre for Satellite and Communication Networks, Univ. of Maryland, 2003.Google Scholar
- B.L. Titzer, D.K. Lee, and J. Palsberg, "Avrora: scalable sensor network simulation with precise timing", in Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on Information processing in sensor networks (IPSN), April 2005. Google ScholarDigital Library
- A. Varga and R. Hornig. "An overview of the OMNeT++ simulation environment", in Proceedings of the First International Conference on Simulation Tools and Techniques for Communications, Networks and Systems (SIMUTools 2008'), March 2008. Google ScholarDigital Library
- OPNET, http://www.opnet.com/solutions/network_rd/modeler.html, {March 2013}.Google Scholar
- S. Park, A. Savvides, and M. B. Srivastava. Sensorsim: A simulation framework for sensor networks. In International Workshop on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems, Boston, MA, USA, Aug. 2000. Google ScholarDigital Library
- J. Hill, R. Szewczyk, A. Woo, S. Hollar, D. Culler, and K. Pister, "System architecture directions for networked sensors", in Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, November 2000. Google ScholarDigital Library
- The NS-3 network simulator, http://www.nsnam.org/, {March 2013}.Google Scholar
- Wong, K. J., Arvind, D. K., 2006 "SpeckMAC: Low-power Decentralised MAC Protocols for Low data-rate Transmissions in Specknets'", in Proc. 2nd ACM Int. Workshop on Multi-hop Ad-hoc Networks, Florence, Italy, May 2006, ACM. Google ScholarDigital Library
Index Terms
- CoAP-mediated hybrid simulation and visualisation environment for specknets
Recommendations
Performance evaluation of AODV & DSR for wireless sensor networks
ICCOM'06: Proceedings of the 10th WSEAS international conference on CommunicationsThis paper evaluates the performance of two prominent on-demand routing protocols, which are Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) and Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing (AODV) for wireless sensor networks. Results obtained from simulations demonstrates ...
Performance analysis of AODV and DSR routing protocols for ad-hoc networks
ADCONS'11: Proceedings of the 2011 international conference on Advanced Computing, Networking and SecurityMobile Ad-hoc Networks are a collection of two or more devices equipped with wireless communications and multi-hop networking capability. We compare the performance of two prominent on demand routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks--Dynamic Source ...
Performance Evaluation of Hybrid Routing Protocols in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
ACCT '12: Proceedings of the 2012 Second International Conference on Advanced Computing & Communication TechnologiesMobile ad hoc network is a collection of wireless mobile nodes that creates a dynamically wireless network among them without using any fixed infrastructure. Nodes are mobile and free to move, independent of each other which makes routing much ...
Comments