Peter Patel-Schneider
ABSTRACT
XML is the W3C standard document format for writing and exchanging information on the Web. RDF is the W3C standard model for describing the semantics and reasoning about information on the Web. Unfortunately, RDF and XML---although very close to each other---are based on two different paradigms. We argue that in order to lead the Semantic Web to its full potential, the syntax and the semantics of information needs to work together. To this end, we develop a model-theoretic semantics for the XML XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 Data Model, which provides a unified model for both XML and RDF. This unified model can serve as the basis for Web applications that deal with both data and semantics. We illustrate the use of this model on a concrete information integration scenario. Our approach enables each side of the fence to benefit from the other, notably, we show how the RDF world can take advantage of XML query languages, and how the XML world can take advantage of the reasoning capabilities available for RDF.
- B. Amann, I. Fundulaki, and M. Scholl. Integrating ontologies and thesauri for rdf schema creation and metadata querying. International Journal of Digital Libraries, 2000.Google Scholar
- C. K. Baru, V. Chu, A. Gupta, B. Ludäscher, R. Marciano, Y. Papakonstantinou, and P. Velikhov. XML-based information mediation for digital libraries. In Proceedings of ACM Conference on Digital Libraries, pages 214--215, Berkeley, CA, Aug. 1999. Google ScholarDigital Library
- R. J. Bayardo Jr., W. Bohrer, R. S. Brice, A. Cichocki, J. Fowler, A. Helal, V. Kashyap, T. Ksiezyk, G. Martin, M. H. Nodine, M. Rashid, M. Rusinkiewicz, R. Shea, C. Unnikrishnan, A. Unruh, and D. Woelk. InfoSleuth: Semantic integration of information in open and dynamic environments. In Proceedings of ACM Conference on Management of Data (SIGMOD), pages 195--206, Tucson, Arizona, May 1997. Google ScholarDigital Library
- T. Berners-Lee. Why RDF model is different from the XML model, 1999. http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/RDF-XML.html.Google Scholar
- H. Boley. A web data model unifying XML and RDF, Sept. 2001. Unpublished draft. http://www.dfki.uni-kl.de/~boley/xmlrdf.htmlGoogle Scholar
- T. Bray, J. Paoli, C. Sperberg-McQueen, and E. Maler. Extensible markup language (XML) 1.0 (second edition). W3C recommendation., Oct. 2000. http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-xmlGoogle Scholar
- D. Carlson. Modeling XML Applications with UML. Practical e-Business Applications. Addison-Wesley, 2001. Google ScholarDigital Library
- D. Chamberlin, D. Florescu, J. Robie, J. Siméon, and M. Stefanescu. Xquery 1.0: An xml query language, June 2001. http://www.w3.org/TR/xquery/Google Scholar
- S. Cluet, C. Delobel, J. Siméon, and K. Smaga. Your mediators need data conversion! In Proceedings of ACM Conference on Management of Data (SIGMOD), pages 177--188, Seattle, Washington, June 1998. Google ScholarDigital Library
- J. Cowan and R. Tobin. Xml information set. W3C Recommendation, Oct. 2001. http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-infoset/Google Scholar
- Enosys markets. http://www.enosysmarkets.comGoogle Scholar
- M. Fernández and J. Marsh. The XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 data model. W3C Working Draft., June 2001. http://www.w3.org/TR/query-datamodel/Google Scholar
- M. F. Fernandez, D. Florescu, J. Kang, A. Y. Levy, and D. Suciu. System demonstration - Strudel: A web-site management system. In Proceedings of ACM Conference on Management of Data (SIGMOD), Tucson, Arizona, May 1997. Exhibition Program. Google ScholarDigital Library
- I. Fundulaki, B. Amann, M. Scholl, C. Beeri, and A.-M. Vercoustre. Mapping xml fragments to community web ontologies. In Fourth International Workshop on the Web and Databases (WebDB'2001), Santa Barbara, CA, June 2001.Google Scholar
- Galax xquery 1.0 implementation. http://db.bell-labs.com/galax/Google Scholar
- P. Hayes. RDF model theory. W3C Working Draft, Sept. 2001. http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-mt/Google Scholar
- G. Karvounarakis, V. Christophides, D. Plexousakis, and S. Alexaki. Querying rdf descriptions for community web portals. In The French National Database Conference, BDA'2001, Agadir, Maroc, Oct. 2001. http://139.91.183.30:9090/RDF/RQL/Google Scholar
- O. Lassila and R. Swick. Resource description framework (RDF) model and syntax specification. W3C Recommentation, Feb. 1999. http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-rdf-syntax/Google Scholar
- X. Leroy. The Objective Caml system, release 3.02, Documentation and user's manual. Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique, Sept. 2001. http://caml.inria.fr/Google Scholar
- A. Y. Levy, A. Rajaraman, and J. J. Ordille. Querying heterogeneous information sources using source descriptions. In Proceedings of International Conference on Very Large Databases (VLDB), pages 251--262, Bombay, India, Sept. 1996. Google ScholarDigital Library
- M. Mani, D. Lee, and R. R. Muntz. Semantic data modeling using xml schemas. In Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling (ER 2001), Yokohama, Japan, Nov. 2001. Google ScholarDigital Library
- I. Manolescu, D. Florescu, D. Kossmann, F. Xhumari, and D. Olteanu. Agora: Living with xml and relational. In Proceedings of International Conference on Very Large Databases (VLDB), pages 623--626, 2000. Google ScholarDigital Library
- S. Melnik. Bridging the gap between RDF and XML, Dec. 1999. http://www-db.stanford.edu/~melnik/rdf/fusion.htmlGoogle Scholar
- L. Miller. Inkling: Rdf query using squishql. http://swordfish.rdfweb.org/rdfquery/Google Scholar
- Nimble technology. http://www.nimble.comGoogle Scholar
- Organization for the advancement of structured informationGoogle Scholar
- Y. Papakonstantinou, H. Garcia-Molina, and J. Widom. Object exchange across heterogeneous information sources. In Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Data Engineering (ICDE), pages 251--260, Taipei, Taiwan, Mar. 1995. Google ScholarDigital Library
- J. Robie, L. M. Garshol, S. Newcomb, M. Biezinski, M. Fuchs, L. Miller, D. Brickley, V. Christophides, and G. Karvounarakis. The syntactic Web: Syntax and semantics on the Web. In Extreme Markup Languages'2001, Montreal, Canada, Aug. 2001.Google ScholarDigital Library
- H. Thompson, D. Beech, M. Maloney, and N. Mendelsohn. XML schema part 1: Structures. W3C Recommentation, May 2001. http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-1/Google Scholar
- F. van Harmelen, P. F. Patel-Schneider, and I. Horrocks. A model-theoretic semantics for DAML+OIL, Mar. 2001. http://www.daml.org/2001/03/model-theoretic-semantics.htmlGoogle Scholar
- F. van Harmelen, P. F. Patel-Schneider, and I. Horrocks. Reference description of the DAML+OIL (march 2001) ontology markup language, Mar. 2001. http://www.daml.org/2001/03/reference.htmlGoogle Scholar
Index Terms
- The Yin/Yang web: XML syntax and RDF semantics
Recommendations
The Yin/Yang Web: A Unified Model for XML Syntax and RDF Semantics
XML is the W3C standard document format for writing and exchanging information on the Web. RDF is the W3C standard model for describing the semantics and reasoning about information on the Web. Unfortunately, RDF and XML—although very close to each ...
An Automatic Semantic Extraction Algorithm for XML Document
MVHI '10: Proceedings of the 2010 International Conference on Machine Vision and Human-machine InterfaceSemantic Web organizes voluminous data on Internet in a machine-understandable manner, which satisfies the continuously increasing requirements on data interoperation. In the context of Semantic Web, Ontology and RDF statements are widely used as a ...
SWIDE: semantic web integrated development environment
Ontology is a specification of conceptualization. This paper introduces an environment to develop semantic web applications. This environment integrates a lot of tools such as an editing capability, logic reasoner and semantic search engine. Design and ...
Comments