ABSTRACT
Previous research on Tutored Video Instruction (TVI) shows that learning is enhanced when small groups of students watch and discuss lecture videos together. Using specialized, high-end videoconferencing systems, these improved results have been shown to apply even when the students are in different locations (Distributed TVI, or DTVI). In this paper, we explore two issues in making DTVI-like scenarios widely supported at low cost. First, we explore design of a system that allows distributed individuals to collectively watch video using shared VCR controls such as play, pause, seek, stop. We show how such a system can be built on top of existing commercial technologies. Second, we explore the impact of four alternative discussion channels on student learning and interaction behavior. The four channels-text chat, audioconferencing, videoconferencing, and face-to-face-have differing infrastructure requirements and costs. Our lab studies show that while text chat does not work, there is no significant difference in discussion behavior and learning between audioconferencing and videoconferencing. While lab studies have their limitations and long-term field studies need to be done, the preliminary results point to a low-cost way for a DTVI-like model to be deployed widely in the very near future.
- 1.Boyle, E., Anderson, A., and Newlands, A. (1994). The effects of visibility on dialogue performance in a cooperative problem solving task, Language and Speech, 37, 1, 1-20.Google ScholarCross Ref
- 2.Chapanis, A. (1975). Interactive human communication. Scientific American, 232, 36-42.Google ScholarCross Ref
- 3.Chapanis, A., Ochsman, R. B., Parrish, R. N., and Weeks, G. D. (1972). Studies in interactive communication: The effects of four communication modes on the behavior of teams during a co-operative problem solving. Human Factors, 14, 487-509.Google ScholarCross Ref
- 4.Edigo, C. (1990). Teleconferencing as a technology to support co-operative work: Its possibilities and limitations. In J. Gallegher, R. E. Kraut, and C. Egido (eds.) Intellectual teamwork: Social and technological foundations of cooperative work (p. 351-371). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 5.Finn, K., Sellen, A., and Wilbur, S. (1997). Video-mediated communication. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Google ScholarDigital Library
- 6.Gibbons, J. F., Kincheloe, W. R., and Down, K. S. (1977). Tutored videotape instruction: a new use of electronics media in education. Science. 195: 1139- 1146.Google ScholarCross Ref
- 7.Green and Williges, R. C. (1975). Evaluation of alternative media used with a groupware editor in a simulated telecommunication environment. Human Factors, 37(3), 283-289.Google Scholar
- 8.The Microsoft Windows Media Player, http://www.microsoft.com/windows/windowsmediaGoogle Scholar
- 9.Microsoft Windows NetMeeting, http://www.microsoft.com/windows/netmeetingGoogle Scholar
- 10.The Microsoft Windows NetMeeting 3.0 SDK, http://www.microsoft.com/windows/NetMeeting/ Authors/SDK/default.ASPGoogle Scholar
- 11.O'Connaill, B., Whittaker, S., and Wilbur, S. (1993). Conversations over videoconferences: An evaluation of video mediated interaction. Human Computer Interaction, 8, 389-428.Google ScholarDigital Library
- 12.Olson, J., Olson, G., and Meader, D. (1995). What mix of video and audio is useful for remote real-time work? Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '95). Google ScholarDigital Library
- 13.Omoigui, N., He, L., Gupta, A., Grudin, J., and Sanocki, E. (1999). Time-Compression: System Concerns, Usage, and Benefits. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing (CHI 99). Google ScholarDigital Library
- 14.The Real Video Player, http://www.real.comGoogle Scholar
- 15.Sipusic, M., Pannoni, R., Smith, R., Dutra, J., Gibbons., J., and Sutherland, W. (1999). Virtual Collaborative Learning: A Comparison between Face-to-Face Tutored Video Instruction and Distributed Tutored Video Instruction (DTVI). Sun Microsystems Laboratories, Inc. TR-99-72. Available at http://www.sun.com/research/techrep/1999/ abstract-72.htmlGoogle Scholar
- 16.Smith, R., Sipusic, M., and Pannoni, R. (1999). Experiments Comparing Face-to-Face with Virtual Collaborative Learning. Sun Microsystems Laboratories, Inc. TR-99-0285.Google Scholar
- 17.Stone, H.R. (1990). Economic development and technology transfer: Implications for video-based distance education. In M. G. Moore (Ed.), Contemporary issues in American distance education (pp. 231-242). Oxford, England: Pergamon.Google Scholar
Index Terms
- Distance learning through distributed collaborative video viewing
Recommendations
Experiments comparing face-to-face with virtual collaborative learning
CSCL '99: Proceedings of the 1999 conference on Computer support for collaborative learningWe report on set of studies conducted over two years involving over 1000 students at two universities. The main study compares three conditions: conventional classroom lecture, a face-to-face collaborative learning technique called Tutored Video ...
Exploring Lightweight Teams in a Distributed Learning Environment
SIGCSE '16: Proceedings of the 47th ACM Technical Symposium on Computing Science EducationIn both flipped classroom settings and distance learning, educational content is typically delivered via video lectures that students watch alone. While flipped classrooms typically provide students with opportunities for social interaction that feature ...
Design of SQ3R-Based Support Method for Course Contents Provision in Distance Learning Systems
ICDCSW '01: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Distributed Computing SystemsAbstract: In this paper, we propose a learning support method for course provision in distance learning system, based on effective study method SQ3R. SQ3R is developed based on educational psychology. It is proved that SQ3R can improve learner's ...
Comments