Stefanie Mueller
Martin Fritzsche
Patrick Baudisch
ABSTRACT
We present a simple self-contained appliance that allows relocating inanimate physical objects across distance. Each unit consists of an off-the-shelf 3D printer that we have extended with a 3-axis milling machine, a camera, and a micro-controller for encryption/decryption and transmission. Users place an object into the sender unit, enter the address of a receiver unit, and press the relocate button. The sender unit now digitizes the original object layer-by-layer: it shaves off material using the built-in milling machine, takes a photo using the built-in camera, encrypts the layer using the public key of the receiver, and transmits it. The receiving unit decrypts the layer in real-time and starts printing right away. Users thus see the object appear layer-by-layer on the receiver side as it disappears layer-by-layer at the sender side. Scotty is different from previous systems that copy physical objects, as its destruction and encryption mechanism guarantees that only one copy of the object exists at a time. Even though our current prototype is limited to single-material plastic objects, it allows us to address two application scenarios: (1) Scotty can help preserve the uniqueness and thus the emotional value of physical objects shared between friends. (2) Scotty can address some of the licensing issues involved in fast electronic delivery of physical goods. We explore the former in an exploratory user study with three pairs of participants.
Supplemental Material
- AluCarriage: http://shop.raffle.ch/shop/alucarriage-dual/Google Scholar
- Belk, R. W. Possessions and the extended self. Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 15, '88, 139--168.Google Scholar
- Benjamin, W. The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 1936.Google Scholar
- CGI, www.cgiinspection.com/Pearl700.aspxGoogle Scholar
- Chen, Y., Li, K., Qian, X. Direct Geometry Processing For Tele-Fabrication. Proc. ASME '12.Google Scholar
- Chen, Y.H., Ng, C.T. Integrated reverse engineering and rapid prototyping. Computers & Industrial Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 3--4, '97, 481--484,Google Scholar
- Domiter, V., Zalik, B. Sweep-line algorithm for constrained Delaunay triangulation. International Journal of Geographical Information Science '08, Vol. 22, No. 4, 449--462. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Galantucci, L.M., Percoco, G., Spina, R. Telemanufacturing of reverse engineered parts: A case study. Journal of Engineering Manufacture, Vol. 217 No. 5, '03, 727--731.Google Scholar
- Gershenfeld, N. Fab: The Coming Revolution on Your Desktop From Personal Computers to Personal Fabrication. Basic Books, '07. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Hood, B.M., Bloom, P. Children prefer certain individuals over perfect duplicates. Cognition '08, Vol. 106, 455--462.Google Scholar
- Hood, B.M., Gjersoe, N. L., Bloom, P. Do children think that duplicating the body also duplicates the mind? Cognition, Volume 125, Issue 3, '12, 466--474.Google Scholar
- Jung, E.K.Y. et al. Manufacturing control system. U.S. Patent 8286236, filed January 31, '08, issued September 10, '12.Google Scholar
- Lan, H. A re-configurable cross-sectional imaging system for reverse engineering based on a CNC milling machine. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 37 (3--4), '08, 341--353.Google Scholar
- Lee, W.C., Chen, L.W. Design and fabrication of a general purpose 3D digitizer based on grinding technique. Materials Science Forum, Vol. 594, '08, 714.Google Scholar
- Libsodium Encryption Library, https://github.com/jedisct1/libsodiumGoogle Scholar
- Liu, Z., Wang, L., Lu, B. Integrating cross-sectional imaging based reverse engineering with rapid prototyping. Computers in Industry 57 (2), '06, 131--140. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Luo, R.C., Lee, W.Z., Chou, J.H., Leong, H.T. The development of Internet accessible rapid prototyping system. Proc. IECON '99, 1498--1503.Google Scholar
- Mueller, S., Mohr, T., Guenther, K., Frohnhofen, J., Baudisch, P. faBrickation: Fast 3D Printing of Functioning Objects by Integrating Construction Kit Building Blocks. Proc. CHI'14, 3827--3834. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Newman, G.E., Bloom, P. Art and Authenticity: The Importance of Originals in Judgements of Value. Journal of Experimental Psychology '11.Google Scholar
- Odom, W., Pierce, J., Stolterman, E., Blevis, E. Understanding why we preserve some things and discard others in the context of interaction design. Proc. CHI'09, 1053--1062. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Paul, C. Fluid Borders: The Aesthetic Evolution of Digital Sculpture. International Sculpture Center, Web Special. http://www.sculpture.org/documents/webspec/ digscul/digscul6.shtmlGoogle Scholar
- Reyes, R. World's First 3D Fax Machine. '91. https://webspace.utexas.edu/reyesr/self/3D_fax.htmGoogle Scholar
- Savage, V., Chang, C., Hartmann, B. Sauron: embedded single-camera sensing of printed physical user interfaces. Proc. UIST'13, 447--456. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Sharpe, N. F., Arewa, O.B. Is Apple Playing Fair? Navigating the iPod FairPlay DRM Controversy. Journal of Technology and Intellectual Property 5.2, '07, 331--349.Google Scholar
- Stratasys, 3D printer: Objet500 Connex3, http://www.stratasys.com/Objet500Connex3Google Scholar
- Vidimce, K., Wang, S.-P., Ragan-Kelley, J., Matusik, W. OpenFab: A Programmable Pipeline for MultiMaterial Fabrication. ACM Trans. Graph 32 (4), '13. Google ScholarDigital Library
- ZMQ4 TCP library, https://github.com/pebbe/zmq4Google Scholar
- Zoran, A., Buechley, L. Hybrid reAssemblage: An Exploration of Craft, Digital Fabrication and Artifact Uniqueness. Leonardo Journal '13, Vol. 46, No. 1.Google Scholar
Index Terms
- Scotty: Relocating Physical Objects Across Distances Using Destructive Scanning, Encryption, and 3D Printing
Recommendations
WirePrint: 3D printed previews for fast prototyping
UIST '14: Proceedings of the 27th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technologyEven though considered a rapid prototyping tool, 3D printing is so slow that a reasonably sized object requires printing overnight. This slows designers down to a single iteration per day. In this paper, we propose to instead print low-fidelity ...
A Layered Fabric 3D Printer for Soft Interactive Objects
CHI '15: Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsWe present a new type of 3D printer that can form precise, but soft and deformable 3D objects from layers of off-the-shelf fabric. Our printer employs an approach where a sheet of fabric forms each layer of a 3D object. The printer cuts this sheet along ...
Multi-ttach: Techniques to Enhance Multi-material Attachments in Low-cost FDM 3D Printing
SCF '21: Proceedings of the 6th Annual ACM Symposium on Computational FabricationRecent advances in low-cost FDM 3D printing and a range of commercially available materials have enabled integrating different properties into a single object such as flexibility and conductivity, assisting fabrication of a wide variety of interactive ...
Comments