Narendra Anand
ABSTRACT
While the UHF band exhibits superior propagation characteristics compared to other frequency bands used for broadband communications, limited spectral availability in time and space necessitates high spectral efficiency techniques such as Multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO). In this paper we design and implement the first open MU-MIMO Software-Defined Radio (SDR) platform that operates on an order of magnitude frequency range, from 300 MHz to 5.8 GHz. We perform a comprehensive set of over-the-air experiments to evaluate the potential of UHF-band MU-MIMO in comparison to 2.4 and 5.8 GHz WiFi bands encompassing a range of operating environments. We evaluate MU-MIMO performance in both outdoor, indoor, line-of-sight (LOS), and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) environments, and demonstrate that while the temporal correlation of the measured UHF environment is increased, it does not come at the cost of increased spatial correlation as measured by the Demmel condition number, thus proving highly attractive for MU-MIMO. This evaluation demonstrates the effectiveness of MU-MIMO transmission techniques in UHF bands for high spectral efficiency and low-overhead wireless access.
- Ettus USRP. Available at: https://www.ettus.com.Google Scholar
- Lime Microsystems LMS6002D. Available at: http://www.limemicro.com/products/LMS6002D.php.Google Scholar
- Mango Communications 802.11 Reference Design. Available at: http://mangocomm.com/802.11.Google Scholar
- Microsoft SORA. Available at: http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/projects/sora/.Google Scholar
- Nutaq. Available at: http://nutaq.com/en.Google Scholar
- Rice University WARP project. Available at: http://warp.rice.edu.Google Scholar
- Wurc documentation. Available at: http://http://www.volowireless.com/products/WURC.Google Scholar
- Ofcom. Regulatory requirements for white space devices in the UHF TV band, Jul. 2012. Available at: www.cept.org/Documents/se-43/6161/.Google Scholar
- E. Aryafar, N. Anand, T. Salonidis, and E. Knightly. Design and experimental evaluation of multi-user beamforming in Wireless LANs. In Proc. ACM MobiCom, Chicago, IL, Sept. 2010. Google ScholarDigital Library
- J. Boyer, P. Brown, K. Hayler, M. Garcia, J. Mitchell, P. Moss, and M. Thorp. MIMO for Broadcast - results from a high-power UK trial. In Proc. IBC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Sept. 2007.Google Scholar
- G. Breit. Coherence Time Measurement for TGac Channel Model. In IEEE 802.11-09/1173r1, Nov. 2009.Google Scholar
- Code of Federal Regulations. Title 47, part 15, subpart H - Television Band Devices, Feb. 2009.Google Scholar
- I. Collings, H. Suzuki, and D. Robertson. Ngara broadband access system for rural and regional areas. Telecommunications Journal of Australia, 62(1), 2012.Google ScholarCross Ref
- M. Costa. Writing on dirty paper. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 29(3):439--441, May 1983. Google ScholarDigital Library
- G. Eriksson, S. Linder, K. Wiklundh, P. Holm, P. Johansson, F. Tufvesson, and A. Molisch. Urban peer-to-peer MIMO channel measurements and analysis at 300 MHz. In Proc. IEEE MILCOM, San Diego, CA, Nov. 2008.Google ScholarCross Ref
- A. Flores, R. Guerra, E. Knightly, P. Ecclesine, and S. Pandey. IEEE 802.11af: A standard for TV white space spectrum sharing. IEEE Communications Magazine, 51(10):92--100, Oct. 2013.Google ScholarCross Ref
- A. Grebennikov. RF and Microwave Power Amplifier Design. McGraw-Hill, 2004.Google ScholarCross Ref
- A. Greenbaum and T. Chartier. Numerical Methods: Design, analysis, and computer implementation of algorithms. Princeton University Press, 2012. Google ScholarDigital Library
- A. Hammons, J. Hampton, N. Merheb, and M. Cruz. Cooperative MIMO field measurements for military UHF band in low-rise urban environments. In Proc. IEEE SAM, Darmstadt, Germany, Jul. 2008.Google ScholarCross Ref
- J. Hampton, N. Merheb, W. Lain, D. Paunil, R. Shuford, J. Abrahamson, and W. Kasch. Propagation characteristics of ground based urban communications in the military UHF band. In Proc. IEEE MILCOM, Atlantic City, NJ, Oct. 2005.Google ScholarCross Ref
- IEEE P802.11ac/D4.1. Specification framework for TGac, Nov. 2012.Google Scholar
- M. Jung, J.-H. Kim, Y.-K. Yoon, and H.-J. Hong. Multipath characteristics of MIMO channel at the UHF band for wireless systems in the urban area. In Proc. IEEE ICACT, Phoenix Park, South Korea, Feb. 2011.Google Scholar
- F. Kaltenberger, D. Gesbert, R. Knopp, and M. Kountouris. Correlation and capacity of measured multi-user MIMO channels. In Proc. IEEE PIMRC, Cannes, France, Sept. 2008.Google ScholarCross Ref
- L. Liu, C. Oestges, J. Poutanen, K. Haneda, P. Vainikainen, F. Quitin, F. Tufvesson, and P. Doncker. The COST 2100 MIMO channel model. IEEE Wireless Communications Magazine, 19(6):92--99, Dec. 2012.Google ScholarCross Ref
- R. Parviainen, J. Ylitalo, J-P.Nuutinen, P. Talmola, J. Henriksson, H. Himmanen, R. Ekman, and E. Huuhka. Experimental investigations on MIMO radio channel characteristics on UHF band. In Proc. IEEE ICC, Dresden, Germany, Jun. 2009. Google ScholarDigital Library
- V. Pham and J.-Y. Chouinard. A study on the channel and signal cross correlation of UHF DTV channels. In Proc. IEEE ISSSE, Montreal, Canada, Jul. 2007.Google ScholarCross Ref
- J. Poutanen, K. Haneda, L. Lingfeng, C. Oestges, F. Tufvesson, and P. Vainikainen. Parameterization of the COST 2100 MIMO channel model in indoor scenarios. In Proc. EurAAP EuCAP, Rome, Italy, Apr. 2011.Google Scholar
- T. Rappaport. Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice. Prentice Hall, 2001. Google ScholarDigital Library
- H. Suzuki, D. Robertson, N. Ratnayake, and K. Ziri-Castro. Prediction and measurement of multiuser MIMO-OFDM channel in rural Australia. In Proc. IEEE VTC, Yokohama, Japan, May 2012.Google ScholarCross Ref
- D. Tse and P. Viswanath. Fundamentals of wireless communication. Cambridge University Press, 2005. Google ScholarDigital Library
- J. Wallace, M. Jensen, L. Swindlehurst, and B. Jeffs. Experimental characterization of the MIMO wireless channel: Data acquisition and analysis. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2(2):335--343, Mar. 2003. Google ScholarDigital Library
- B. Yarman. Design of ultra wideband power transfer networks. John Wiley & Sons, 2010.Google ScholarCross Ref
- X. Ying, J. Zhang, L. Yan, G. Zhang, M. Chen, and R. Chandra. Exploring indoor white spaces in metropolises. In Proc. ACM MobiCom, Miami, FL, Sept. 2013. Google ScholarDigital Library
- T. Yoo and A. Goldsmith. On the optimality of multiantenna broadcast scheduling using zero-forcing beamforming. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 24(3):528--541, Mar. 2006. Google ScholarDigital Library
- C. Zhong, M. McKay, T. Ratnarajah, and K. Wong. Distribution of the Demmel condition number of Wishart matrices. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 59(5):1309--1320, May 2011.Google ScholarCross Ref
- M. Zhu, G. Eriksson, and F. Tufvesson. The COST 2100 channel model: Parametrization and validation based on outdoor MIMO measurements at 300 MHz. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 12(2):888--897, Feb. 2013.Google ScholarCross Ref
Index Terms
- The case for UHF-band MU-MIMO
Recommendations
Limited Feedback MU-MIMO in LTE-A System: Concepts, Performance, and Future Works
In wireless communications, interference is known as a major restricting factor in achieving system capacity. Therefore, in the Long-Term evolution (LTE) system, a transmitter and a receiver collaborate together to tackle the interference. To do so, in ...
A Low Profile Printed Quadrifilar Helical Antenna for Handheld UHF RFID Reader
ICISPC 2017: Proceedings of the International Conference on Imaging, Signal Processing and CommunicationThis paper proposes a compact printed quadrifilar helix antenna (PQHA) that has quarter wavelength inverted-F resonators at a low cost. The proposed PQHA is fed by a four-port quadrature phase system which consists of a 180°power splitter and two ...
An opportunistic scheduling algorithm using aged CSI in massive MIMO systems
In time-division duplex (TDD) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, the spatial multiplexing gain cannot be fully achieved since available pilot resources at each channel coherence time interval are limited. In this paper, we propose an ...
Comments