ABSTRACT
In this paper, we discuss how Cellular Discrete Event System Specification (Cell-DEVS) theory can be used in modeling and simulation of the crowd. We will show that the efficient cell update mechanism of Cell-DEVS allows for more efficient entity-based simulation of the crowd compared to cellular automata. On the other hand the formal interfacing mechanisms provided by this theory allows for integration of other components such as DEVS atomic processing component or visualization and building information modeling components with the Cell-DEVS model. Finally, we describe in details of the design and development of several pedestrian models and present the results.
- Helbing D., Farkás I.J., Molnár P., Vicsek T. 2002 Simulation of pedestrian crowds in normal and evacuation situations, in: M. Schreckenberg, S.D. Sharma (Eds.), Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics, Springer, Berlin, (2002), 21--58.Google Scholar
- Blue V.J., Adler J.L. 2001 Cellular automata microsimulation for modeling bi-directional pedestrian walkways, Transportation Research Part B 35 (3) (2001) 293--312.Google Scholar
- Penn A., Turner A., Space syntax based agent simulation, in: M. Schreckenberg, S.D. Sharma (Eds.), Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics, Springer, Berlin, (2002), 99--114.Google Scholar
- Zhou, S., Chen, D., Cai, W., Luo, L., Low, M. Y. H., Tian, F., ... & Hamilton, B. D. (2010). Crowd modeling and simulation technologies. ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation (TOMACS), 20(4), 20. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Hughes, R. L. (2003). The flow of human crowds. Annual Review on Fluid Mechanics 35, 169--182.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Helbing, D., Farkas, I., and Vicsek, T. (2000). Simulating dynamical features of escape panic. Letters to Nature 407, 487--490.Google Scholar
- Castonguay, P., & Wainer, G. (2009, March). Aircraft evacuation DEVS implementation & visualization. In Proceedings of the 2009 Spring Simulation Multiconference. San Diego, CA. 144. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Zeigler, B. P., Praehofer, H., & Kim, T. G. (2000) Theory of modeling and simulation. 2000. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Wainer, G. A. (2009). Discrete-event modeling and simulation: a practitioner's approach. CRC. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Wolfram, S. (1986). Theory and applications of cellular automata.Google Scholar
- Hughes, R. L. (2003). The flow of human crowds. Annual Review on Fluid Mechanics 35, 169--182.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Kisko, T. M., Francis, R. L., & Nobel, C. R. (1998). EVACNET4 User's Guide. University of Florida.Google Scholar
- Zhang, W. M., Huang, L., & Wang, B. (2009). Application of the EVACNET4 model to evacuation in high-rise building {J}. Fire Science and Technology, 3, 014.Google Scholar
- Chenney, S. (2004). Flow tiles. In Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation (pp. 233--242). Eurographics Association. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Miller, J. H., & Page, S. E. (2007). Complex adaptive systems: An introduction to computational models of social life. Princeton University Press. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Deffuant, G. (2006). Comparing extremism propagation patterns in continuous opinion models. Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, 9(3).Google Scholar
- Salzarulo, L. (2006). A continuous opinion dynamics model based on the principle of meta-contrast. Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, 9(1).Google Scholar
- Helbing, D., Farkas, I., & Vicsek, T. (2000). Simulating dynamical features of escape panic. Nature, 407(6803), 487--490.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Bandini, S., Manzoni, S., & Vizzari, G. (2006). Crowd Modeling and Simulation. Innovations in Design & Decision Support Systems in Architecture and Urban Planning, 105--120.Google Scholar
- Tao, W., & Jun, C. (2009). An Improved Cellular Automaton Model for Urban Walkway Bi-directional Pedestrian Flow. In Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation, 2009. ICMTMA'09. International Conference Vol. 3, pp. 458--461. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Al-Zoubi, K. and Wainer, G. (2010). Distributed Simulation Using Restful Interoperability Simulation Environment (RISE) Middleware. Intelligence-Based Systems Engineering, Pages 129--157.Google Scholar
- Wang, S., Van Schyndel, M., Wainer, G., Rajus, V. S., & Woodbury, R. (2012). DEVS-based building information modeling and simulation for emergency evacuation. In Proceedings of the Winter Simulation Conference (p. 60). Winter Simulation Conference. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Wright, F. L. (2009). Building Information Modeling.Google Scholar
- AutoDesk. (2013). "Autodesk Revit Architecture." Accessed Feb. 15. http://usa.autodesk.com/revit-architecture/.Google Scholar
- AutoDesk. (2013). "Autodesk 3ds Max." Accessed Feb. 15. http://usa.autodesk.com/3ds-max/.Google Scholar
- Freire, V., Wang, S., and Wainer, G. (2013). Visualization In 3ds Max For Cell-DEVS Models Based On Moving Entities. Symposium on Simulation for Architecture and Urban Design (SimAUD'13). San Diego, USA.Google Scholar
Index Terms
- Modeling and simulation of crowd using cellular discrete event systems theory
Recommendations
Modeling Groups of Pedestrians in Least Effort Crowd Movements Using Cellular Automata
AMS '09: Proceedings of the 2009 Third Asia International Conference on Modelling & SimulationGroups of pedestrians like family members and friends normally move slower than others and therefore act as a virtual barrier and slow down the crowd. In this paper we present our variation of least effort cellular automata algorithm which also ...
Simulating Crowd Movements Using Fine Grid Cellular Automata
UKSIM '10: Proceedings of the 2010 12th International Conference on Computer Modelling and SimulationCellular automata models have been extensively used for simulating pedestrian movements. One weakness of this type of models, is the size of the cells which is mostly considered to be of the size of a pedestrian (i.e. 40cm*40cm or near to it). Each ...
Parallel discrete event simulation for DEVS cellular models using a GPU
HPC '12: Proceedings of the 2012 Symposium on High Performance ComputingThe discrete event systems specification (DEVS) simulation has been studied to analyze complex homogeneous systems which is represented by the cellular models. In the simulation of large-scale DEVS cellular model, it requires a high-performance ...
Comments