John Hughes
Tom Rodden
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Index Terms
- The role of ethnography in interactive systems design
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Reviews
Dara Lee Howard
Ethnography intends to uncover settings through the social actions of a society, which are revealed in the day-to-day activities of its participants. As practiced in the social sciences, it entails lengthy and extensive observation and description of people and contexts. The authors suggest that in system design, ethnography may instead employ “focused approaches,” with the objective of doing “quick and dirty” studies or evaluative studies. The “quick and dirty” approach employs “short focused studies to quickly gain a general picture of the setting” (p. 61), while the evaluation approach provides a “sanity check” of an initial specification (p. 62). Re-examining available studies is a low-cost, quick means of surveying a specific design arena and “could well be a useful way of sensitizing designers to the social organization character of a considerable variety of settings” (p. 63). In touting this focused approach, the authors envision a number of advantages for the systems design team. Ethnographic field work is flexible and may be used for different goals at different stages of a design effort. Relatively short periods of field work focus the work on the immediately useful. The focus of the project may be more accurately and confidently determined by quick efforts to uncover natural settings. The variety of ways in which the work under study is instantiated may be revealed through examination of existing studies. The centrality of work as the subject of the design is strongly emphasized. Unfortunately, the short paper does not provide how-to information. Fortunately, it does provide a clear introduction to the value and desirability of adapting an established method to the demands of a design effort.
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