Zeljko Medenica
Andrew L. Kun
ABSTRACT
Prior research has shown that when drivers look away from the road to view a personal navigation device (PND), driving performance is affected. To keep visual attention on the road, an augmented reality (AR) PND using a heads-up display could overlay a navigation route. In this paper, we compare the AR PND, a technology that does not currently exist but can be simulated, with two PND technologies that are popular today: an egocentric street view PND and the standard map-based PND. Using a high-fidelity driving simulator, we examine the effect of all three PNDs on driving performance in a city traffic environment where constant, alert attention is required. Based on both objective and subjective measures, experimental results show that the AR PND exhibits the least negative impact on driving. We discuss the implications of these findings on PND design as well as methods for potential improvement.
- Burnett, G. E. A Road-Based Evaluation of a Head-Up Display for Presenting Navigation Information. In Proc. HCI Int'l Conference (2003).Google Scholar
- Fröhlich, P., Schatz, R., Leitner, P., Mantler, S., and Baldauf, M. Evaluating realistic visualizations for safety-related in-car information systems. In Proc. CHI 2010, ACM press (2010), 3847--3852. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Google Maps Navigation. http://www.google.com/mobile/navigation/.Google Scholar
- Google Street View. http://maps.google.com/.Google Scholar
- Hart, S. G. and Staveland, L. E. Development of NASA-TLX (Task Load Index): Results of Empirical and Theoretical Research. In Human Mental Workload. P. A. Hancock and N. Meshkati, Eds. North Holland Press (1988), 239--250.Google Scholar
- Horrey, W. J., Wickens, C. D., and Alexander, A. L. The Effects of Head-Up Display Clutter and In-Vehicle Display Separation on Concurrent Driving Performance. In Proc. HFES 47th Annual Meeting (2003).Google ScholarCross Ref
- Horrey, W. J., Wickens, C. D., and Consalus, K. P. Modeling Drivers' Visual Attention Allocation while Interacting with In-Vehicle Technologies. Experimental Psychology: Applied 12, (2006), 67--78.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Kim, S. and Dey, A. K. Simulated augmented reality windshield display as a cognitive mapping aid for elder driver navigation. In Proc. CHI 2009, ACM Press (2009), 133--142. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Kun, A. L., Paek, T., Medenica, Ž., Memarović, N., and Palinko, O. Glancing at personal navigation devices can affect driving: experimental results and design implications. In Proc. AutomotiveUI '09, ACM Press (2009), 129--136. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Lai, J., Cheng, K., Green, P., and Tsimhoni, O. On the Road and on the Web? Comprehension of synthetic and human speech while driving. In Proc. SIGCHI 2001, ACM Press (2001), 206--212. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Liu, Y. C. Effects of using head-up display in automobile context on attention demand and driving performance. Displays 24, 4--5 (2003), 157--165.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Lowe, S. Many Workers Have Long Commutes to Work. US Census Bureau Press Release. http://www.census.gov/Press-Release/www/releases/archives/american_community_survey_acs/004279.html. March 29, 2005. Retrieved 5/30/2009.Google Scholar
- NASA TLX for Windows. http://humansystems.arc.nasa.gov/groups/TLX/computer.php.Google Scholar
- Narzt, W., Kolb, D., Muller, R., and Hortner, H. Pervasive Information Acquisition for Mobile AR-Navigation Systems. In Proc. WMCSA 2003, IEEE Press (2003).Google ScholarCross Ref
- Porathe, T. and Prison, J. 2008. Design of human-map system interaction. In Ext. Abstracts CHI 2008, ACM Press (2008). Google ScholarDigital Library
- Steinfeld, A. and Green, P. Driver Responses to Navigation Information on Full-Windshield, Head-Up Displays. Int'l Journal of Vehicle Design 19, 2 (1998), 135--149.Google Scholar
- Strayer, D. L. and Johnston, W. A. Driven to Distraction: Dual-Task Studies of Simulated Driving and Conversing on a Cellular Telephone. Psychological Science 12, 6 (2001), 462--466.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Tönnis, M. and Klinker, G. 2006. Effective control of a car driver's attention for visual and acoustic guidance towards the direction of imminent dangers. In Proc. ISMAR 2006, IEEE Computer Society (2006), 13--22. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Veit, R. R., Pyle, P., and McGowan, J. A. Ocean Warming and Long-Term Change in Pelagic Bird Abundance within the California Current System. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 139 (1996), 11--18.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Virtual Cable#8482;. http://www.mvs.net/.Google Scholar
- Wikitude Drive. http://www.wikitude.org/en/drive.Google Scholar
Index Terms
- Augmented reality vs. street views: a driving simulator study comparing two emerging navigation aids
Recommendations
Camera-View Augmented Reality: Overlaying Navigation Instructions on a Real-Time View of the Road
AutomotiveUI '18: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular ApplicationsAugmented reality navigation aids have been investigated in a number of studies, and results are encouraging, especially for large, head-up displays. However, such displays are not commercially available -- in fact they are rare in laboratories as well. ...
Exploring head-up augmented reality interfaces for crash warning systems
AutomotiveUI '13: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular ApplicationsCrash warning systems are designed to help avoid vehicle accidents by notifying drivers of potential hazards. In typical crash warning systems, primary warning information is provided through visual, audible and/or haptic cues. In general, the use of ...
Establishing the Role of a Virtual Lead Vehicle as a Novel Augmented Reality Navigational Aid
AutomotiveUI '18: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular ApplicationsThis paper reports on two studies investigating how following a lead vehicle could act as a metaphor for an Augmented Reality (AR) system to support navigation tasks. For the first formative study, 34 participants completed a video-based evaluation of ...
Comments