Dennis J. McFarland
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Abstract
The brain's electrical signals enable people without muscle control to physically interact with the world.
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Index Terms
- Brain-computer interfaces for communication and control
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Reviews
George Michael White
Think about what you have to go through to read this review. You may be reading it in a journal or on a computer screen, but in any case, you have to move your hands and arms to either turn pages or click mouse buttons. Imagine, though, that you have little or no muscle control. Turning a page or clicking a mouse button is a major-perhaps impossible-activity. This is exactly what people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) must do. ALS is a disease that attacks the pathways between the brain and the limbs. Everyday actions that most people perform almost without thinking are impossible for people with ALS. Is there a way to bypass the damaged pathway__?__ If the pathways are not completely damaged (for example, if the eyes or eyebrows are still under the control of the brain), then a person can use the position of the eyes to give information about what the brain wishes to perform. If the disease is so advanced that eye control is no longer possible, then noninvasive electrodes placed on the scalp, or invasive electrodes placed directly on selected parts of the brain, can detect electrical signals. External machines can then use the complex signals received to perform the desired actions. This is all very complicated. The desired actions must correlate with the signals and then be effected. This short article summarizes progress in this field, starting from the early years in the last century to 2010. Those interested in this highly specialized field will enjoy reading it. Online Computing Reviews Service
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