IBM corporation

ABSTRACT

For much of the 20th century, IBM (previously the International Business Machines Corporation) was the quintessential name in data processing and digital computation. The zenith of its power and influence may have passed, but the company is still a formidable presence. Although a view not universally held, it is arguably the most widely admired US corporation, noted for its research, innovation, stability, profitability, and effective management. And now, since IBM's rebound from its financial losses of the early 1990s, one could add the attribute of resilience.

References

1. 1962. Belden, T. G., and Belden, M. R. The Lengthening Shadow. Boston: Little, Brown. A biography of Thomas J. Watson Sr.
2. 1963. Watson, T. J. Jr. A Business and its Beliefs: The Ideas That Helped Build IBM. New York: McGraw-Hill.
3. 1971. Brennan, J. F. The IBM Watson Laboratory at Columbia University--A History. Armonk, NY: IBM.
4. 1975. Foy, N. The Sun Never Sets on IBM. New York: Wm. Morrow.
5. 1976. Engelbourg, S. International Business Machines: A Business History. New York: Arno.
6. 1981. Sobel, R. IBM: Colossus in Transition. New York: Times Books.
7. 1983. Fisher, F. M., McGowan, J. J., and Greenwood, J. E., Folded, Spindled, and Mutilated: Economic Analysis and U.S. vs IBM. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
8. 1983. Fisher, F. M., McKie, J. W., and Mancke, R. B. IBM and the U.S. Data Processing Industry: An Economic History. New York: Praeger.
9. 1984. Pugh, E. W. Memories that Shaped an Industry. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
10. 1986. Bashe, C. J., Johnson, L. R., Palmer, J. H., and Pugh, E. W. IBM's Early Computers. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
11. 1986. DeLamarter, R. T. Big Blue: IBM's Use and Abuse of Power. New York: Dodd, Mead & Co.
12. 1986. Rodgers, F. G. "Buck," with Shook, R. L. The IBM Way. New York: Harper & Row.
13. 1987. Killen, M. IBM: The Making of the Common View. Orlando, FL: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
14. 1988. McKenna, R. Who's Afraid of Big Blue. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
15. 1990. Watson, T. J. Jr, and Petre, P. Father, Son & Co.: My Life at IBM and Beyond. New York: Bantam Books.
16. 1991. Pugh, E. W., Johnson, L. R., and Palmer, J. H. IBM's 360 and Early 370 Systems. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
17. 1992. Bauer, R. A., Collar, E., Tang, V., and Wind, J. The Silverlake Project: Transformation at IBM. London: Oxford University Press. The origins of the IBM AS/400.
18. 1994. Carroll, P. Big Blues: The Unmaking of IBM. New York: Crown Publications.
19. 1995. Pugh, E. W. Building IBM: Shaping an Industry and Its Technology. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
20. 1996. Mills, D. Q., and Friesen, G. B. Broken Promises: An Unconventional View of What Went Wrong at IBM. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
21. 1996. Campbell-Kelly, M., and Aspray, W. Computer: A History of the Information Machine. New York: Basic Books.
22. 1998. Fisher, L. M. "Mainframe Business, Though Faded, is Still Far From Extinct," New York Times, 18 May. An excellent appraisal of IBM's mainframe business as of the date that IBM announced its G series of S/390 computers.
23. 1999. Garr, D. IBM Redux: Lou Gerstner and the Business Turnaround of the Decade. New York: HarperCollins.

Index Terms

• Computer systems organization

  • Architectures

• Social and professional topics

  • Professional topics

    • Computing industry

    • History of computing

      • History of hardware